New technologies: open a fuel cell “Longevity” tips!

New technologies: open a fuel cell “Longevity” tips!

Brookhaven National Laboratory said it has found a way to keep in fuel cells Digital Camera Battery will not be used as a catalyst of platinum dissolution or performance degradation method. U.S. Department of Energy believes that this breakthrough will help the nation to implement the Advanced Energy Initiative back on track by 2020 to achieve the goal of all-electric vehicles.

U.S. Department of Energy has received the Brookhaven National Laboratory that found that the patent, hoping to license it to all the world’s fuel-cell manufacturer. Brookhaven National Laboratory from 18 months ago to begin testing and found that when the stop-go driving style will greatly shorten the next generation of fuel cell-powered vehicle life – in 5 days of accelerated testing by 45%. In that case, the hybrid will never be like the Advanced Energy Initiative, as the all-electric drive vehicles to achieve.

When the formation of the constant stop-go charge-discharge cycles, will have a great range of voltage swing, dissolved carbon electrode in the fuel cell was a thin layer of platinum. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory researchers RadoslavAdzic said: “If the platinum electrode dissolution, will greatly reduce the performance of fuel cells.”

Adzic’s team will be a number of 10-15 gold atoms into the surface of palladium nano-particles to form a fuel cell electrode was a thin layer of coating, so as to solve this problem. Gold atoms can reduce the stop-go driving voltage swings generated, thereby preventing platinum from DSLR Battery Grip dissolving. Adzic pointed out that the carbon coated with palladium electrodes can be formed at lower cost, because it is only a layer of platinum.

Brookhaven National Laboratory in the experiment simulated 30000 times, when stop-go driving, and the resulting electrode in the fuel cell produced by oxidation and reduction cycles, run out of a fuel cell. At the lab’s National Synchrotron Light Source, the researchers used a scanning transmission microscope in the X-ray detectors to observe the electrochemical process, and confirmed the use of gold atoms can indeed reduce the oxidation of platinum. Adzic, said: “In short, we have found is this: if each only 10-15 gold atoms with smaller atomic string of follow-up in the 3-5 nm platinum nanoparticles, the voltage swing will be even smaller , only the 0.75-1.1V, the voltage swing of the general 1.2V. This is enough to ensure that platinum will not be dissolved. ”

More than twice as expensive as gold palladium, but more than half the price of platinum. Therefore, this new electrode composition should not increase the cost of fuel cells, but may not reduce its costs.

Brookhaven National Laboratory researchers have continued to examine ways to make this approach work the exact cause, but they have been able to estimate the most ideal structure is 10% of the particles of gold plus 90% of platinum.

Brookhaven National Laboratory, the research team Canon BG-E2N Battery Grip, including chemical research specialists JunliangZhang and KotaroSasaki, as well as from Brookhaven National Laboratory Center for Functional Materials EliSutter. They are next in the Los Alamos National Laboratory’s Institute for Hydrogen and fuel cell test their results of this study.

Adzic, said: “Next we will synthesize a few grams of gold atoms protected by the platinum catalyst to get the Los Alamos National Laboratory, where researchers have to test whether such programs actually in the fuel cell production feasible. Despite the promising results of our study, but so far we have only in the tests conducted under laboratory conditions. ”

Force the implementation of mobile phone charger interface standard for the industry’s mixed views

Ran Ministry of Information Industry recently announced that all domestic mobile phone makers should unify charger interface standard, but the industry a unified view of different charger interface standard.

An industry source said, according to the standards promulgated by Ministry of Information Industry, integrated USB port on the charger side of the cable connected to the mobile phone, mobile phone and cable interface designed by the enterprises themselves, which means that the current charger interface the standard is only shared part of the charger plug, cable components, notably the mobile phone interface, not unified, so each phone had to accompanied by a data Canon BG-E3 Battery Grip cable.

And now some of the brand mobile phones and even the same brand of different models of mobile phones, their cell phone interface, are not the same, in this case, even if the charger unified interface at one end, if consumers forgot handset manufacturers with the data lines, As the mobile phone interface, not the same as, or can not conveniently be charged anywhere.

An analysis of people will refute this view. In his view, mobile phone and connect the interface cable designed by the enterprises, so conducive to cell phone data interface appearance and personality development, does not affect the design and development of mobile phones. He disclosed that as early as the beginning of 2005, Ministry of Information Industry once the views collected will be held on the matter, when there was the idea of a unified mobile terminal interface, and even charger interface, headset, data cable and so on into a standard interface. However, because each cell phone manufacturers are in the pursuit of the thin and personalized products, it is difficult to ensure that enterprises will charge mobile terminal interface design to where.

The analysts also said that a data line and now on the market can not be compared to a common charger, the cost is clearly much lower, while charging with the data lines are also way easier than the original charge, there is no charger, still computers and other devices can be charged.

Yong-gap of silicon is king polysilicon solar energy industry into a bottleneck

As countries to speed up the process of industrialization, the demand for Canon BG-E5 Battery Grip energy increases on Ju. However, electric power, coal, oil and other non-renewable energy sources become increasingly scarce, and the community resulted in serious pollution. Energy is increasingly becoming a bottleneck restricting the international socio-economic development, therefore the development and use of clean energy has been raised to an unprecedented level, countries have introduced the corresponding incentives. In which solar energy with its inexhaustible, pollution-free, low-cost, human characteristics such as the free use of the increasing importance attached by the countries in the world.

Polysilicon is to create the most important raw material for solar cells, because the process of refining the technical requirements of its high control the world’s polysilicon production technology maturity less than 10 manufacturers, and are located in Germany and the United States and Japan. They occupy more than 95% market share of the polysilicon market, causing an absolute monopoly, “pro-silicon is king” has become an indisputable fact. In recent years, far from polysilicon production can not meet the demand for solar energy photovoltaic industry. In 2005 the global production of polysilicon is 2.8 million tons, of which only 35% of the polysilicon is used to supply solar cell manufacturers, but the actual demand at 1.5 million tons, the gap 5,000 tons. To further enlarge the gap in 2006. Although the eight polysilicon manufacturers have developed a series of expansion plans, and worldwide there are many large polysilicon projects ready for implementation. But the new capacity can only be optimistic estimate of the earliest by the end of 2007 production, annual output of 08 to be reflected. In 2008 after tensions in the supply of polysilicon feedstock will be a certain degree of ease. Predicted in 2007 polysilicon production capacity of 3.6 million tons, demand for about 4.5 million tons. Polysilicon can be seen in this link has seriously affected the entire Canon BG-E6 Battery Grip solar photovoltaic power generation market in the whole industry chain, to become an urgent need to solve the bottleneck.

The direct impact of the shortage of polysilicon is silicon material prices to rise. Solar polysilicon long-term contract prices in the 18 months rose three-fold, from 2004 at the end of 30 U.S. dollars / kg up to 2006, 100 U.S. dollars / kg. Polysilicon materials, the whole of 2007 futures has been sold out. On the other hand resulted in a shortage of polysilicon wafer manufacturers capacity utilization decline. 2005, 2006, silicon manufacturers may be operating rate from 78% in 2004 to 77%, 72%. There have been a shortage of silicon scene, most of the silicon manufacturer’s orders had been signed to after 2008. Domestic wafer manufacturers expansion or new work in full swing, which Yingli two expansion during the same time, the introduction of the three non-stop expansion plans, LDK Solar LDK Polysilicon, also launched by the end of 2005 film business, in April 2006 production, capacity 75MW, 2008 annual capacity of 400MW.

The growth rate of world output of photovoltaic cells is even more alarming, 10 years in 1995-2005 increased by 17 times, most recently 5-year average growth rate of more than 30%. Crystalline silicon solar cells the total solar cell production 90%, and in the next few years, crystalline silicon cells will remain the mainstream. The production of crystalline silicon cells is 70% of the polysilicon solar cells. Solar cell production technology is moving in a higher conversion rate and battery thickness thinner sectors as well. The current production of polycrystalline silicon cells at 15% conversion rate widely expected in 2008 can be raised to 18% or more, but the conversion rate of 24% of laboratories still some distance. 2005 Battery Basically, the film thickness of 230μm, the laboratory techniques can be achieved in terms of 140μm. According to EPIA’s estimate, up to 2010 the thickness of the silicon mass production can Canon EOS 20D Battery Grip be reduced 150μm.

Solar PV market so hot, with national governments unanimously adopted a strong incentives are closely linked. Government encouragement to stimulate the domestic solar market consumption. Among these three countries with Germany and Japan and the U.S. first, Spain, Italy close behind. China, also in January 2006 adopted the “Renewable Energy Law,” a strong support for solar energy and other renewable sources of new energy laptop battery sources.